N1 Vocabulary · Test 100

The reading せんい corresponds to 繊維, meaning 'fiber' (as in textile/material fiber). This fits the context: the sentence says 'This fiber is strong against friction and can withstand use in mountain climbing and exploration.' Option 2 is the correct kanji.

• 1繊衣 is not a standard Japanese word. While 繊 is the correct first kanji, 衣 (ころも/い) does not form the word せんい meaning 'fiber.'
• 3織衣 is not a standard word. 織 (しょく/おる) is a different kanji meaning 'weave,' and 衣 does not complete the compound for せんい.
• 4織維 is not a standard word. The correct first kanji is 繊 (せん), not 織 (しょく/おる). This is a deliberate lookalike distractor.

• 繊維せんい — fiber (textile/material)
• 摩擦まさつ — friction
• 探検たんけん — exploration

The reading まさつ corresponds to 摩擦, meaning 'friction.' The sentence says 'This fiber is strong against friction,' which makes perfect sense. Option 2 uses the correct kanji: 摩 (ま, to rub) + 擦 (さつ, to rub/scrape).

• 1摩刷 uses 刷 (さつ) instead of 擦 (さつ). 刷 means 'brush/print,' not 'rub/scrape.' This is a deliberate lookalike using a kanji with the same on-reading but wrong meaning.
• 3磨刷 uses 磨 (ま, to polish) instead of 摩 (ま, to rub). While both share the reading ま, 磨 implies polishing/grinding rather than rubbing friction. 刷 is also wrong (see option 1).
• 4磨擦 uses 磨 instead of 摩. The standard writing for 'friction' is 摩擦, not 磨擦. 磨 carries the nuance of polishing, which is incorrect here.

• 摩擦まさつ — friction
• 摩ま — to rub
• 擦さつ — to rub, scrape
• 磨ま — to polish, grind
• 刷さつ — to brush, print

The reading たんけん corresponds to 探検, meaning 'exploration/expedition.' The sentence says 'This fiber is strong against friction and can withstand use in mountain climbing and exploration.' Option 4 uses the correct kanji: 探 (たん, to search/explore) + 検 (けん, to examine).

• 1深倹 uses 深 (しん/ふか, deep) instead of 探 (たん, search). 倹 (けん, frugality) is a lookalike for 検 with the same on-reading but wrong meaning. This is not a real word.
• 2深検 uses 深 (deep) instead of 探. The first kanji is wrong; 深 is read しん, not たん, so this would not even read たんけん.
• 3探倹 uses the correct first kanji 探 but 倹 (けん, frugality) instead of 検 (けん, examination). 倹 and 検 share the on-reading けん but have different meanings. 探倹 is not a real word.

• 探検たんけん — exploration, expedition
• 探たん — to search, explore
• 検けん — to examine, inspect
• 倹けん — frugality, thrift
• 深しん — deep

The reading たえる corresponds to 耐える, meaning 'to withstand, endure, hold up.' The sentence says 'This fiber is strong against friction and can withstand use in mountain climbing and exploration.' 耐える is the correct kanji for this meaning of 'withstanding physical stress/durability.'

• 1克える is not a standard verb. 克 (こく) is used in compounds like 克服 (こくふく, overcome) and does not form the verb たえる.
• 2忍える is not the standard form. The verb 忍ぶ (しのぶ, to endure/secretly) exists, but 忍える is not a standard conjugation and does not mean 'to withstand' in this context.
• 4得える is not a standard verb. 得 (とく/える) appears in 得る (える, to obtain/be able), but 得える is not a valid form and does not mean 'to withstand.'

• 耐たえる — to withstand, endure, hold up (against stress/use)
• 克こく — to overcome (used in compounds like 克服)
• 忍しのぶ — to endure, to do secretly
• 得える — to obtain, to be able

The reading ようちえん is written 幼稚園, meaning 'kindergarten.' 幼(よう) means 'young/child,' 稚(ち) means 'immature/young,' and 園(えん) means 'garden/facility.' Together they form the standard word for kindergarten.

• 1幼椎園 uses 椎(つい/しい), a kanji meaning 'oak/spine vertebra,' instead of 種(ち). This is a lookalike kanji trap — 椎 and 稚 are visually similar but unrelated in meaning and reading.
• 3擁稚園 uses 擁(よう), which does share the reading よう, but 擁 means 'to embrace/support/possess,' not 'young.' The correct first kanji is 幼.
• 4擁椎園 combines both wrong kanji: 擁 (wrong meaning) and 椎 (wrong kanji for ち).

• 幼稚園ようちえん — kindergarten
• 幼よう — young, immature (child)
• 稚ち — young, immature

ふんいき is written 雰囲気, meaning 'atmosphere/mood.' The kanji 雰 (ふん) + 囲 (い) + 気 (き) combine to form this word. Option 3 is the correct kanji representation.

• 1風囲気 uses 風 instead of 雰. While 風 can be read ふう/ふ, the correct first kanji for ふんいき is 雰, not 風.
• 2風意気 uses 風 and 意 — neither the correct kanji; the middle kanji should be 囲 (い), not 意 (い).
• 4雰意気 has the correct first kanji 雰 but uses 意 instead of 囲 for the second character. The correct kanji is 囲.

• 雰囲気ふんいき — atmosphere, mood

はなやか is written 華やか, meaning 'gorgeous/showy/splendid.' The kanji 華 (はな) is used metaphorically for 'flower/splendor.' Option 2 is correct.

• 1桜やか uses 桜 (さくら), which is not read はな and does not form a real word.
• 3雅やか — 雅 is read みやび, not はな; 雅やか is not an established word.
• 4優やか — 優 is read ゆう/やさ, not はな; 優やか is not an established word.

• 華はなやか — gorgeous, showy, splendid

ひとがら is written 人柄, meaning 'character/personality (of a person).' 人 (ひと) + 柄 (がら) combine to mean one's personal character. Option 2 is correct.

• 1人体 is read じんたい, meaning 'human body' — different reading and meaning.
• 3人陰 is read ひとかげ, meaning 'shadow/figure of a person' — different reading and meaning.
• 4人殻 is read ひとから; this is not a real word. 殻 means 'shell/husk' and does not combine with 人 in standard Japanese.

• 人柄ひとがら — character, personality
• 人体じんたい — human body
• 人陰ひとかげ — person's shadow/figure

みりょく is written 魅力, meaning 'charm/appeal.' 魅 (み) + 力 (りょく) combine to mean 'charm/fascination.' 魅力的だ means 'is charming/attractive.' Option 4 is correct.

• 1塊力 is not a real word. 塊 is read かい/かたまり and means 'lump/mass.'
• 2魂力 is not a standard word. 魂 is read こん/たましい and means 'soul/spirit.'
• 3醜力 is not a real word. 醜 is read しゅう/みにくい and means 'ugly.' The kanji is visually similar to 魅, making it a deliberate distractor.

• 魅力みりょく — charm, appeal, fascination
• 魅力的みりょくてき — charming, attractive

「かんれき」is written 還暦, meaning one's 60th birthday (the completion of the 60-year zodiac cycle). 還(かん) means 'return' and 暦(れき) means 'calendar/calendar cycle.'

• 1完暦 — 完(かん) means 'complete,' but this is not a real word; the correct first kanji is 還.
• 2完齢 — 齢(れい) means 'age,' but 完齢 is not an established word.
• 4還齢 — 還 is correct, but the second kanji should be 暦(れき, calendar cycle), not 齢(れい, age).

• 還暦かんれき — 60th birthday; completion of the sexagenary cycle