N4 Grammar · Test 40

大きすぎて is correct. The suffix すぎる (too much / excessively) attaches to the stem of an い-adjective. 大きい → drop い → 大き + すぎる → 大きすぎる. The te-form 大きすぎて connects to the next clause: 'The watermelon is too big and won't fit in the fridge.' For い-adjectives, you must remove the final い before adding すぎる.

• 2大きいすぎて is incorrect because you must drop the い of the い-adjective before すぎる. Keeping 大きい + すぎる is ungrammatical.
• 3大きくすぎて is incorrect. 大きく is the adverbial/te-form stem, but すぎる attaches to the adjective stem 大き, not to the adverbial form 大きく.
• 4大きくてすぎて is incorrect. 大きくて is the te-form of 大きい ('big and…'), and adding すぎる after it is ungrammatical. The suffix すぎる attaches directly to the stem.

• ～すぎる — too much; excessively (attaches to adjective/verb stem)
• 大おおきい — big; large
• すいか — watermelon
• れいぞうこ — refrigerator

します is correct. 大切にする is a fixed expression meaning 'to treasure / to cherish / to take good care of.' B says 大切にします = 'I will treasure it,' which is the standard polite response when receiving a gift. The particle に marks how one treats the object (大切に = carefully/preciously).

• 2います alone (without a te-form verb before it) does not form a meaningful expression here. 大切にいます is ungrammatical; いる requires a preceding Vて (e.g., 待っている) to indicate ongoing state.
• 3なります means 'to become.' 大切になります is ungrammatical in this context; one does not 'become' a gift carefully. The correct expression uses する, not なる.
• 4あります means 'to exist (inanimate).' 大切にあります is ungrammatical; ある does not take 大切に in this way. The fixed phrase is 大切にする.

• 大切たいせつにする — to treasure; to cherish; to take good care of
• 大切たいせつ — important; precious; dear
• プレゼント（ぷれぜんと） — present; gift
• 誕生日たんじょうび — birthday

Option 3 「手伝ってくれて」is correct. The pattern 〜てくれて is used when expressing gratitude for an action someone did for your benefit. Here, A is thanking B for helping with the move: 'Thank you for helping me move yesterday.' The 〜てくれる auxiliary indicates the action was performed toward the speaker, and 〜てくれて connects smoothly to the thanking expression ありがとうございました.

• 1「手伝って」alone is the て-form of 手伝う but lacks any conjunction or auxiliary. It cannot connect properly to ありがとうございました in this sentence; something like 手伝ってくれて or 手伝ってくださって is needed to express the favor received.
• 2「手伝ったので」means 'because you helped.' While grammatically possible as a reason clause, it lacks the くれる/もらう nuance of receiving a favor, which is essential in a thanking sentence. It sounds like a bare causal explanation rather than gratitude for a kind act done for you.
• 4「手伝ったから」also means 'because you helped,' but から is more casual/blunt than ので and, like option 2, it misses the favor-receiving nuance of 〜てくれる that naturally pairs with ありがとうございました.

• ひっこし（引っ越し） — moving (house)
• 手伝てつだう — to help, to assist
• 〜てくれる — auxiliary indicating someone does an action for the speaker's benefit
• どういたしまして — you're welcome (response to thanks)

Option 4 「もらいました」is correct. The sentence means: 'Today I forgot my pencil and eraser, so I had the person next to me lend them to me.' With 〜てもらう, the speaker (わたし) is the subject who receives the favor. The structure 〜に〜てもらう (have someone do something for you) fits perfectly: となりの人に貸してもらいました 'I had the neighbor lend (them) to me.'

• 1「やりました」is the giving verb やる (humble/casual equivalent of あげる) used when the speaker gives something to someone else. Here the speaker is receiving, not giving, so the direction is wrong.
• 2「あげました」is the giving verb あげる, meaning 'I gave (them) to the person next to me.' This reverses the direction — the speaker forgot their supplies and needs to borrow, not lend.
• 3「くれました」uses 〜てくれる, which does indicate someone does something for the speaker. However, with くれる the subject must be the giver (となりの人), not わたし. Since the sentence begins with わたしは, the natural choice is 〜てもらう, where the speaker is the subject receiving the favor.

• 忘わすれる — to forget
• 貸かす — to lend
• 〜てもらう — auxiliary: to have someone do something for you (speaker is subject)
• 〜てくれる — auxiliary: someone does something for the speaker (giver is subject)
• 〜てあげる／〜てやる — auxiliary: the speaker does something for someone else

Option 2 「買ったまま」is correct. 〜まま means 'remaining in that state' or 'leaving something as it is.' 買ったまま describes manga that were bought and left in that unread state. The full sentence means: 'On my bookshelf, there are many manga that I bought but haven't read yet (left as they were when bought).' The まま clause modifies まんが, and 読んでいない confirms they remain unread.

• 1「買うあいだ」means 'while buying.' This does not connect logically to 読んでいないまんが — manga you are 'while buying' that you haven't read makes no sense in this context.
• 3「買いそうで」means 'it seems like (someone) might buy.' This describes appearance/likelihood of buying, not the state of already-purchased-but-unread manga, so it doesn't fit.
• 4「買っている」is the progressive/resultative form 'have been buying' or 'am buying.' It cannot directly modify 読んでいないまんが in this sentence structure. The sentence needs a form expressing the state of being bought-but-untouched, which is exactly what 〜まま provides.

• 本ほんだな — bookshelf
• まんが — manga, comic books
• 〜まま — as it is; remaining in a certain state
• 読よむ — to read

The student has revised their essay and is showing it to the teacher, asking for the teacher's evaluation. Option 3 「どうでしょうか」means 'How is it? / What do you think?' — a polite way to ask for an opinion. The teacher's response 'ええ。よくになりましたね' ('Yes, it's become good') confirms that the student was asking for an assessment, making どうでしょうか the perfect fit.

• 1どうしますか — This means 'What will you do?' — asking about the listener's intended action. The student is not asking the teacher what they will do; they are asking for an evaluation of the essay.
• 2どうしましょうか — This means 'What shall we do?' — a collaborative/suggestion question. It does not fit the context of asking for feedback on completed work.
• 4どうしましたか — This means 'What happened? / What's wrong?' — used when asking about a problem or change in situation. The student is not reporting a problem; they are presenting their revised work.

• 作文さくぶん — essay / composition
• 間違まちがえる — to make a mistake
• なおす — to fix / to correct
• 見みせる — to show (something to someone)
• どうでしょうか — How is it? / What do you think? (polite request for opinion)

Speaker A is expressing frustration: 'I called you many times — why didn't you answer?' The pattern 「〜のに」means 'even though / despite' and expresses a sense of complaint or disappointment about an unexpected result. 電話したのに = 'even though I called.' Option 4 「したのに」correctly conveys this contrastive, complaining nuance that fits the sentence's tone.

• 1すれば — 〜ば is a conditional meaning 'if.' 'If I called many times, why didn't you answer?' does not make logical sense — the speaker actually did call, so a conditional is inappropriate.
• 2したら — 〜たら is also a conditional ('if/when ~'). Same problem as option 1: the speaker actually called, so a hypothetical conditional does not fit.
• 3したので — 〜ので means 'because.' 'Because I called many times, why didn't you answer?' is logically contradictory — calling someone is not a reason for them not answering. The relationship needed is contrast ('even though'), not cause.

• 何回なんかいも — many times / repeatedly
• 電話でんわ — phone call
• 出でる — to answer (the phone)
• 〜てくれない — not do (something) for me — negative of 〜てくれる
• 〜のに — even though / despite — expresses complaint or unexpected contrast

The pattern V(volitional) + と 思います means 'I am thinking of doing ~' and expresses the speaker's intention about their own future action. Here, 山川 says she is going shopping and is thinking of making curry. The volitional form of 作つくる is 作つくろう, so カレーを作ろうと思います = 'I think I'll make curry.' This matches the context perfectly.

• 2作ります is the plain non-past (polite dictionary form). The pattern 作りますと思います is ungrammatical — と 思います does not attach to the polite form in this way, and the volitional nuance of intention is missing.
• 3作っています is the progressive/habitual form (〜ている). 作っていますと思います is ungrammatical, and it would mean 'is making,' which does not express a future intention.
• 4作った is the plain past tense. 作ったと思います means 'I think (someone) made ~' (a guess about a past event), which does not fit the context of planning to make curry after shopping.

• 作つくる — to make, to cook
• 〜（よ）うと思う（〜（よ）うとおもう） — I am thinking of doing ~ (intention)
• 夕食ゆうしょく — dinner, evening meal
• 買い物（かいもの） — shopping

The sentence means 'My juice was all drunk by my little brother (and I'm unhappy about it).' The passive form 飲まれる (from 飲む) shows the action was done TO the speaker's juice by someone else (弟に〜される = sufferance passive), and 〜てしまいました expresses regret/completion of an undesirable event. 飲まれてしまいました = 'got (it) drunk (by someone) and that's unfortunate.' Together: 弟にぜんぶ飲まれてしまいました = '(my juice) was completely drunk by my little brother.'

• 1飲みそうです = 'looks like (he) will drink.' This is the 〜そう pattern for imminent appearance, but the sentence needs a completed past event, not a prediction. It also doesn't convey the passive/regret nuance.
• 2飲むでしょう = '(he) will probably drink.' This is a prediction, not a completed event, and lacks both the passive and the regret nuance.
• 4飲んでみました = '(I/he) tried drinking.' This means someone attempted drinking to see what it's like, which does not fit the context of the speaker's juice being consumed by the brother.

• 飲のむ — to drink
• 飲のまれる — to be drunk (passive); to have (one's drink) drunk by someone (sufferance passive)
• 〜てしまう — to do something completely; to do something regretfully/unfortunately
• 弟おとうと — younger brother
• ぜんぶ — all, entirely

B is busy and cannot help, so B suggests that A ask someone else. 〜てもらえますか is a request pattern meaning 'Could you (do ~) for me?' Here, ほかの人に聞いてもらえますか = 'Could you ask someone else?' A then replies 分かりました。では、そうします。 = 'I understand. I'll do that,' confirming the suggestion. The flow is natural: B redirects A to another person.

• 1聞いてみたのですが = 'I tried asking, but...' This is past tense and would mean B already tried asking someone, which contradicts the situation — B is the one being asked, and the conversation is happening now.
• 2聞きたいんですが = 'I want to ask, but...' This expresses B's own desire to ask someone, which does not fit — B is not the one who needs to learn the fax usage; A is.
• 3聞こうと思いますか = 'Are you thinking of asking?' This is a question directed back at A, but it does not function as a suggestion or request, and A's response そうします ('I'll do that') would not naturally follow.

• 聞きく — to ask; to listen
• 〜てもらえる — can (you) do ~ for me? (potential of てもらう, used for requests)
• 使い方（つかいかた） — how to use, way of using
• 教おしえる — to teach, to show/tell (someone how to do something)
• ほかの人（ほかのひと） — another person, someone else