N5 Vocabulary · Test 16

The underlined sentence わたしは じが へたです means 'I am poor at writing characters (handwriting).' へた (下手) is the antonym of じょうず (上手, skillful/good at). So the paraphrase is わたしは じが じょうずでは ありません — 'I am not good at writing characters.' Option 4 matches.

• 1じが まるく ありません means 'my characters are not round' — へた does not mean 'not round.'
• 2じが おおきく ありません means 'my characters are not large' — へた does not mean 'not big.'
• 3じが すきでは ありません means 'I don't like characters' — へた describes skill level, not preference.

• へた — unskilled, bad at (下手)
• じょうず — skillful, good at (上手)
• じ — characters, handwriting (字)

おばさん means 'aunt.' An aunt can be described as the sister of one's parent. Option 3 says おかあさんの いもうと (mother's younger sister), which is indeed an おばさん (aunt). This matches the underlined sentence.

• 1おかあさんの おかあさん is one's grandmother (おばあさん), not an aunt.
• 2おかあさんの おとうさん is one's father (おとうさん), not an aunt.
• 4おかあさんの おとうと is one's uncle (おじさん), not an aunt.

• おばさん — aunt
• いもうと — younger sister (妹)

げんかん means the entryway/entrance hall of a Japanese house. The sentence げんかんに だれか いますよ means 'Someone is at the entryway.' Option 1, いえの いりぐちに ひとが います ('There is a person at the entrance of the house'), is the correct paraphrase — いえの いりぐち (house's entrance) corresponds to げんかん.

• 2がっこうの ろうか is a school corridor — げんかん is specifically a house entrance, not a school hallway.
• 3まどの ちかく means 'near a window' — げんかん is not near a window.
• 4ビルの うえ means 'on top of a building' — げんかん is at ground level, not on a rooftop.

• げんかん — entryway, entrance hall of a house (玄関)
• いりぐち — entrance (入り口)

The underlined sentence にほんへは はじめて いきます means 'I am going to Japan for the first time.' If someone is going somewhere for the first time, it means they have not yet been there. Option 2, にほんへは まだ いって いません ('I have not yet been to Japan'), conveys the same meaning — the speaker has never been to Japan before. まだ…ていません ('have not yet done') is the key pattern here.

• 1にほんへは あまり いきません means 'I don't go to Japan very often.' This is about frequency, not about whether it is one's first time.
• 3にほんへは よく いきます means 'I often go to Japan.' This directly contradicts はじめて (for the first time), since someone who goes often has been many times.
• 4にほんへは 1かい いきました means 'I went to Japan once (in the past).' This uses the past tense いきました, meaning the trip already happened, whereas the original sentence いきます is non-past (going/will go), and 'once' implies completion rather than 'first time.'

• はじめて — for the first time
• まだ — yet, still (used with negative ～ていません to mean 'have not yet')
• あまり — not very much (with negative)
• よく — often, frequently
• 1かい（いっかい） — one time, once

The underlined sentence やまださんは すずきさんに えいごを おしえました means 'Yamada-san taught English to Suzuki-san.' In this sentence, Yamada is the teacher and Suzuki is the learner. Option 3, すずきさんは やまださんに えいごを ならいました ('Suzuki-san learned English from Yamada-san'), expresses the same event from the learner's perspective. The relationship おしえる (teach) ↔ ならう (learn) with reversed agent/patient is the key being tested.

• 1すずきさんは やまださんに えいごを みせました means 'Suzuki-san showed English to Yamada-san.' みせました (showed) is different from おしえました (taught), and the roles are reversed.
• 2やまださんは すずきさんに えいごをを みせました means 'Yamada-san showed English to Suzuki-san.' Again, みせました (showed) ≠ おしえました (taught). Showing something is not the same as teaching it. (Note: this option also contains a transcription defect — a duplicated を particle.)
• 4やまださんは すずきさんに えいごを ならいました means 'Yamada-san learned English from Suzuki-san.' This reverses the teacher/learner roles: in the original, Yamada is the teacher, but here Yamada is the learner.

• おしえる — to teach (someone something)
• ならう — to learn (something from someone)
• みせる — to show (something to someone)
• えいご — English (language)

「先生」is read「せんせい」and means 'teacher.' Tanaka-sensei is coming on Saturday.

• 1「せいせ」is not a valid reading for 先生; it mixes up the on'yomi of 先(せん) with an incorrect form.
• 2「せいせい」repeats the kanji 先's on'yomi せい twice, which is wrong; 生 is not read せい here.
• 3「せんせ」drops the final い of せんせい, making it an incomplete/incorrect reading.

• 先生せんせい — teacher

「土よう日」is read「どようび」and means 'Saturday.' The kanji 土 undergoes rendaku (voicing) to ど in this compound.

• 1「とようび」fails to apply rendaku; 土 is voiced to ど in どようび.
• 3「かようび」means 'Tuesday' (火よう日), a different day of the week.
• 4「がようび」is not a real word; it incorrectly applies rendaku to a non-existent base.

• 土よう日（どようび） — Saturday

「道」is read「みち」and means 'road, street.' The sentence says 'Please go 100 meters along this road; there is a police box (こうばん) on the left.'

• 1「かど」means 'corner' (角), not 'road.'
• 2「はし」means 'bridge' (橋) or 'chopsticks' (箸), not 'road.'
• 3「へん」is not a reading of 道; it may be confused with 辺 meaning 'area.'

• 道みち — road, street
• こうばん — police box

「百」is read「ひゃく」and means 'one hundred.' 「百メートル」= 100 meters.

• 2「びゃく」is not a valid standalone reading; びゃく appears only in compounds like 三百(さんびゃく) due to rendaku.
• 3「はく」appears in compounds like 六百(ろっぱく) due to sound change, not as the basic reading.
• 4「ばく」appears in compounds like 八百(はっぱく) due to sound change, not as the basic reading.

• 百ひゃく — one hundred

「左」is read「ひだり」and means 'left.' The sentence says the police box is on the left side.

• 1「さき」means 'ahead, destination' (先), not 'left.'
• 3「みぎ」means 'right' (右), the opposite of left.
• 4「むこう」means 'the other side, over there' (向こう), not 'left.'

• 左ひだり — left