N1 Grammar · Test 47

The correct answer is 2. おびただしい（夥しい）means 'numerous / copious / a great amount of.' おびただしい数の is a common expression meaning 'a countless/large number of.' The sentence means: 'A countless number of shells were excavated from the ruins.'

• 1はなばなしい（華々しい）means 'splendid / glorious,' used for achievements, debuts, victories, etc. It does not modify 数 (number).
• 3やかましい（喧しい）means 'noisy / fussy / strict.' It describes sounds or strict rules, not quantities.
• 4なやましい（悩ましい）means 'distressing / vexing / troublesome.' It describes emotional states or difficult situations, not numbers.

• 夥おびただしい — numerous, copious, a great amount of
• 華々はなばなしい — splendid, glorious
• 喧やかましい — noisy, fussy, strict
• 悩なやましい — distressing, vexing

The correct answer is 3. 介抱（かいほう）means 'to nurse / care for (someone who is sick or unwell).' 介抱してくれる means 'kindly looked after me (when I felt ill).' The sentence means: 'I suddenly felt sick on the train, but a kind person looked after me.'

• 1救済（きゅうさい）means 'salvation / relief (from poverty, disaster, etc.).' It is used in broader social or religious contexts, not for nursing an individual who feels unwell.
• 2養護（ようご）means 'care / protection,' used in contexts like 養護学校 (special needs school) or 養護施設 (care facility). It is not used for the act of tending to someone who suddenly feels ill.
• 4奨励（しょうれい）means 'encouragement,' used for promoting actions or efforts. It is completely unrelated to caring for a sick person.

• 介抱かいほう — nursing, caring for someone who is sick
• 救済きゅうさい — salvation, relief
• 養護ようご — care, protection (e.g., of facilities)
• 奨励しょうれい — encouragement, promotion

The correct answer is 2. かろうじて（辛うじて）means 'barely / narrowly / with difficulty.' 間にあった (間に合う) means 'made it in time,' so かろうじて間にあった means 'barely made it in time.' The sentence means: 'The train stopped due to an accident and I was about to be late, but I switched to a bus and barely made it in time.'

• 1おのずから（自ずから）means 'naturally / of its own accord.' It does not convey the sense of barely managing something.
• 3やむをえず（止むを得ず）means 'unavoidably / reluctantly.' While switching to a bus might be unavoidable, the phrase やむをえず間にあった is not a natural collocation; the sentence needs an adverb that modifies how narrowly the person made it in time.
• 4ことによると（事によると）means 'possibly / perhaps.' It expresses uncertainty about a future or past event, and does not fit the context of barely making it in time.

• 辛かろうじて — barely, narrowly, with difficulty
• 間に合う（まにあう） — to be in time, to make it
• 自おのずから — naturally, of its own accord
• 止むを得ず（やむをえず） — unavoidably, reluctantly
• 事ことによると — possibly, perhaps

The correct answer is 3. こまやかで（細やかで）means 'delicate / sensitive / attentive.' 神経が細やか is a set expression meaning 'sensitive/perceptive (about others' feelings).' The sentence means: 'Tanaka-sensei is perceptive/sensitive, so he understands each and every student well.'

• 1きよらかで（清らかで）means 'pure / clean,' used for things like 清らかな心 (pure heart) or 清らかな水 (clear water). It does not collocate with 神経.
• 2しなやかで（撓やかで）means 'flexible / supple,' used for physical flexibility (e.g., しなやかな体) or graceful movement. 神経がしなやか is not a standard expression for sensitivity.
• 4さわやかで（爽やかで）means 'refreshing / brisk,' used for personality, weather, or breeze (e.g., 爽やかな風). 神経が爽やか is not a natural collocation.

• 神経が細やか（しんけいがこまやか） — sensitive, perceptive about others' feelings
• 清きよらか — pure, clean
• 撓しなやか — flexible, supple
• 爽さわやか — refreshing, brisk

The sentence means 'Beside the road, nameless pretty flowers were blooming.' かたわら (傍ら) means 'beside, alongside, at the side of,' which fits perfectly with 道 (road). The phrase 道のかたわら = 'beside the road.'

• 2ふもと (麓) means 'the foot/base of a mountain.' Roads don't have a ふもと; mountains do.
• 3なぎさ (渚) means 'beach, shore, water's edge.' This refers to a waterfront, not a roadside.
• 4すそ (裾) means 'hem (of clothing)' or 'base/skirt (of a mountain).' Like ふもと, it does not apply to a road.

• かたわら（傍ら） — beside, alongside, at the side of
• ふもと — foot/base of a mountain
• なぎさ — beach, shore, water's edge
• すそ — hem (of clothes); base/skirt (of a mountain)
• 名なもない — nameless, unknown

ムード means 'mood' or 'atmosphere.' 祭りのムードが盛り上がってきた = 'the mood/atmosphere of the festival really heated up.' This collocates naturally with 盛り上がる (to liven up / build excitement).

• 1ブーム means 'boom' or 'trend.' A festival does not have a 'boom' that heats up; ブーム refers to a widespread social trend.
• 2ポーズ means 'pose.' This has no connection to a festival atmosphere building up.
• 4リード means 'lead' (as in leading others). A festival does not have a 'lead' that intensifies.

• ムード — mood, atmosphere
• ブーム — boom, craze, trend
• ポーズ — pose
• リード — lead (as in leading)

おもむき (趣) means 'charm,' 'taste,' or 'elegance.' 趣がある is a set expression meaning 'has charm/elegance/refined taste.' An old temple's garden having 趣 is a classic collocation in Japanese.

• 1おおすじ (大筋) means 'main point' or 'outline.' A garden does not have a 'main point' in this sense.
• 3おとも (お供) means 'companion' or 'attendant.' This does not apply to a garden.
• 4おそれ (恐れ) means 'fear' or 'risk.' A garden does not have 'fear,' and this would create an unnatural sentence.

• おもむき — charm, taste, elegance (趣)
• おおすじ — main point, outline (大筋)
• おとも — companion, attendant (お供)
• おそれ — fear, apprehension (恐れ)

おおまかに (大まかに) means 'roughly' or 'in broad strokes.' 時間がないので、おおまかに話してください = 'Since there's no time, please speak in broad outline.' This fits perfectly — when time is short, you ask for a rough summary rather than details.

• 1ぞんざいに means 'rudely' or 'in a careless/disrespectful manner.' It describes poor attitude, not brevity. You would not ask someone to speak rudely because of time constraints.
• 3にわかに means 'suddenly' or 'abruptly.' This does not describe how to summarize speech when short on time.
• 4おろそかに means 'negligently' or 'carelessly.' Asking someone to speak negligently is unnatural and negative, unlike おおまかに which simply means 'in broad strokes.'

• おおまかに — roughly, in broad strokes (大まか)
• ぞんざいに — rudely, carelessly (in manner)
• にわかに — suddenly, abruptly (俄か)
• おろそかに — negligently, carelessly (疎か)

無茶な (むちゃな) means 'unreasonable,' 'absurd,' or 'outrageous.' 無茶なことを言って、まわりの人に困らせる = 'says unreasonable things and causes trouble for people around.' This fits perfectly — someone making outrageous demands or statements that trouble others.

• 1無効な (むこうな) means 'invalid' or 'null' (legal/technical term). Saying 'invalid things' does not naturally cause trouble for surrounding people in this conversational context.
• 2無念な (むねんな) means 'regrettable' or 'chagrined.' This describes one's own feeling of regret, not the kind of statement that troubles others.
• 4無口な (むくちな) means 'taciturn' or 'quiet.' A quiet person does not 'say things' that trouble others — the sentence specifically says 言って (says), so being silent is contradictory.

• 無茶むちゃな — unreasonable, absurd, outrageous
• 無効むこうな — invalid, null (legal/technical)
• 無念むねんな — regrettable, chagrined
• 無口むくちな — taciturn, quiet, uncommunicative

てぎわ（手際）がいい is a set phrase meaning 'efficient, skillful, good at handling tasks.' The sentence says 'My secretary is very (　) so she is a great help,' and てぎわがいい perfectly describes a secretary who works efficiently and skillfully.

• 2しらべ（調べ）means 'investigation, examination.' しらべがいい is not a meaningful phrase and does not fit the context of praising a secretary's work.
• 3こころえ（心得）means 'knowledge, understanding, personal rules.' While a secretary should have こころえ, the phrase こころえがいい is not a natural collocation and does not convey efficiency.
• 4うちわけ（内訳）means 'breakdown, itemized details.' うちわけがいい is not a meaningful phrase and is irrelevant to praising a secretary's helpfulness.

• 手際てぎわ — skillfulness, efficiency in handling tasks
• 調しらべ — investigation, examination
• 心得こころえ — knowledge, understanding, personal rules
• 内訳うちわけ — breakdown, itemized details