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で (de)

Also; owing to; as a result of (te-form of です)

Meaning & usage

で after a noun is the te-form of the copula です or だ. It joins two clauses where the first identifies something, with a meaning like and or so. Attach it directly to a noun, as in 学生で or 休みで, replacing です or だ in the middle of a sentence. It is neutral in style and common when the second clause gives more detail or a natural result.

Example sentences 7

In past JLPT papers

This came up in 17 past exam questions.

And 12 more tests.

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