はが (haga)
Marks a topic that is also the subject, used for states outside one's control
Meaning & usage
はが combines the topic particle は with the subject particle が, marking a noun as both topic and subject. It appears when the state described is not under the speaker's control, as in ability or potential expressions like フランス語が話せない, where the object noun takes は and the action verb keeps が.
Example sentences 8
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「これはとてもおもしろそうだね」とひろしが言います。
"This looks pretty interesting," Hiroshi says.
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私はあなたが送ってくれた手紙を読んでいました。
I was reading the letter you sent me.
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私は料理をしますが、とんでもなく下手くそです。
I cook, but I'm really crap at it.
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私はフランス語がそんなにきちんとは話せない。
I don't speak French well enough!
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それはあなたが一人になりたくないからです。
It's because you don't want to be alone.
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私の母はあまり英語が上手に話せない。
My mom doesn't speak English very well.
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私はなぜか夜の方が元気だ。
For some reason I feel more alive at night.
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私は日本語が話せない。
I don't speak Japanese.