にして (nishite)

Acts as; by means of; at the cost of; serves as the basis for

Meaning & usage

にして attaches to a noun and marks it as the means, basis, or cost something is done with, similar to "using X" or "at the expense of X". It also appears in the pattern ~を~にして, which turns something into the starting point or condition for an action, as in taking a hint as a clue.

Example sentences 8