さぞ（かし） (sazo kashi)

Meaning & usage

さぞ(かし) is an adverb used to empathetically imagine what someone must be feeling or have experienced, such as hunger, shock, joy, or fatigue. It is placed before the predicate it modifies and often appears together with a conjecture marker like だろう, でしょう, or に違いない, including patterns where こと nominalizes the clause before だろう or でしょう. It has a formal and literary tone and is often used in sympathy, congratulation, or concern for another person rather than for oneself.

Example sentences 3

1. さぞかしお腹なかがすいているだろう。

   You must be very hungry now.

2. さぞショックだったでしょう。

   It must have been a shock to you.

3. 長旅でさぞお疲れでしょう。

   You must be tired after such a long trip.