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ずして (zushite)

Not doing something; failing to do it, in a literary or formal style

Meaning & usage

ずして expresses doing a main action without doing another action, as in 告げずして or 努力せずして. It attaches to the nai stem of a verb, giving forms like 行かずして for godan verbs and 食べずして for ichidan verbs. The verb する is irregular and becomes せずして. The form sounds literary and formal, so it appears in writing and speeches rather than everyday talk.

Example sentences 8

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