50% off Lifetime access for $50 $100 from 1 December · Every level, N5 to N1 Get it
New N3 mock tests · Full exams from past papers, timed like the real exam Take one

である (dearu)

to be; formal copula

Meaning & usage

である works like だ and です but in a formal, written style, stating that something is or equals something else. It follows nouns and na-adjectives directly, as in 学生である or 静かである, and its past is であった while its negative is でない. It is common in essays, reports, definitions and official documents, so avoid it in casual conversation where だ or です sounds more natural.

Example sentences 7

In past JLPT papers

This came up in 1 past exam question.

50% off

Practice JLPT membership

An AI voice tutor with unlimited lessons, and every mock test, practice test and reading passage, N5 to N1.

$7 a month, $30 for 6 months, or $50 once for lifetime$100 from 1 December

See membership

New

JLPT mock tests

Full exams from past papers, section by section on the real exam clock, with the original listening audio. Mock test 1 is free at every level.