上（に） (ni)

Meaning & usage

上に adds a further quality or fact on top of what was already stated, giving a not only but also feeling. It follows the plain form of verbs and i-adjectives as in 降った上に and 安い上に, na-adjectives with な as in きれいな上に, and nouns with である as in 学生である上に. The に is often optional, and その上に can begin a new sentence to add one more related point about the same topic.

Example sentences 8

1. 有名ゆうめいな物理学者ぶつりがくしゃである上うえに、彼かれは偉大いだいな小説家しょうせつかでもある。

   In addition to being a famous physicist, he is a great novelist.

2. 彼女は英語を話し、その上スワヒリ語も話す。

   She speaks English and also speaks Swahili.

3. 彼は優しい上に、とても面白い。

   He is kind, and on top of that he is really funny.

4. この店は安い上に、おいしい。

   This shop is cheap, and tasty as well.

5. 雨が降った上に、風も強い。

   It rained, and on top of that the wind is strong.

6. 私は学生である上に、働いている。

   I am a student, and I also work.

7. 彼女はきれいな上に、歌が上手だ。

   She is pretty, and moreover she is good at singing.

8. 昨日は暑かった上に、混んでいた。

   Yesterday was hot, and it was also crowded.